Problems with cable systems
Play and "elasticity":
The cables stretch and deform under load. This leads to positioning errors (up to 1-2 mm), which is unacceptable when working with microcircuits, decorating desserts or sorting fragile samples.
Wear and loss of calibration:
Over time, the cables wear out, stretch, require constant manual adjustment and replacement. This increases downtime and cost of ownership.
Vibrations and inertia:
The cables dampen the motor force unevenly. This causes microvibrations and a delay in response ("inertia"), interfering with smooth, human-like movements.
Surely you have seen videos with clumsy hands, where the fingers are squeezed in visible jerks: "tyrk-tyrk-tyrk". Modern electric motors do not have this, and with cables it is incurable.
Complexity of force transmission:
The more degrees of freedom the arm has, the more complex the cable system. This makes the arm bulky, less maneuverable, and more vulnerable to breakage.